
Obesity, Surgery and a Healthy Lifestyle
WHAT IS OBESITY?
Fat tissue in our bodies is necessary, however when there is too much body fat (when we consume more calories than our body needs), the result is obesity. Obesity is a chronic disease that is defined as having a body mass index of 30 or above, which is about 30 pounds over the ideal body weight for your height. Obesity is a disease, not a sign of a person being out of control and according to the American Obesity Association; obesity is a serious medical disease that affects nearly one third of the American population. Clinically severe obesity has long-term effects and it increases ones risk of developing serious health problems such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, gallbladder disease and certain cancers. Obesity can also be associated with other medical conditions such as shortness of breath, sleep apnea, irregular menstruation or infertility, gallbladder disease (gallstones), and osteoarthritis. In addition to increased risk of health conditions, nearly 300,000 Americans die unnecessarily each year due to obesity-related health problems and obese people die younger than normal-weight people. Obesity and obesity-related conditions are causing healthcare costs to soar and costs reach approximately 100 billion dollars each year. It is very clear that obesity is a foremost healthcare issue for the United States.
Obesity also affects us socially and psychologically. Many people suffer social effects such as self-consciousness and discomfort in social situations, limitations in social activities because of limited mobility, frustration, and discrimination. Psychologically, obesity may cause depression, despair, low self-esteem, and negative body image. Morbid obesity prevents many people from living their lives to the fullest.
Morbid obesity is a chronic condition that has been proven difficult to treat through diet, exercise, and even physician supervised weight loss medications. Bariatric surgery is a treatment for clinically severe obesity. Bariatric surgery such as Gastric Bypass surgery or Lap Band surgery may be the next step for people who remain severely obese after trying non-surgical approaches, or for people who have obesity related health conditions.
GASTRIC BYPASS SURGERY IS A TREATMENT FOR MORBID OBESITY
Gastric Bypass surgery is considered the most effective method of weight loss and weight maintenance of all surgical and medical techniques available, according to the American Society for Bariatric Surgery and the National Institute of Health. Gastric Bypass surgery is the “gold standard” of weight loss surgery and is the most frequently performed weight loss surgery in the United States. Gastric Bypass surgery can help a morbidly obese patient lose up to 80 percent of their excess body weight.
In order to qualify for Gastric Bypass surgery, a person must be about 100 pounds overweight, or about 80 pounds overweight with a qualifying weight-related health condition. After Gastric Bypass surgery, nearly 80 percent of patients with high blood pressure no longer required medication and over 90 percent of people with non-insulin dependant type II diabetes no longer required medication, either. A study of 500 patients in the year 2000 showed that 96 percent of certain obesity-related health conditions, including back pain, sleep apnea, and depression) were improved or resolved after surgery.
Gastric Bypass surgery via the Roux-en-Y technique is considered the best surgical treatment for morbid obesity. In this procedure, stapling creates a small 15 to 20 cc stomach pouch. The remainder of the stomach is not removed, but it is stapled and divided from the stomach pouch. The outlet from this newly formed pouch empties directly into the lower portion of the jejunum, thus bypassing some calorie absorption. This is done by dividing the small intestine just beyond the duodenum for the purpose of bringing it up and constructing a connection with the newly formed stomach pouch. The other end is connected into the side of the Roux limb of the intestine, creating the “Y” shape that gives the technique its name. The procedure reduces the functional portion of the patient’s stomach causing the patient to feel full after eating only a small portion of food. It also creates a small opening between the stomach and large intestine, allowing the patient to feel full longer after each meal.
Gastric Bypass surgery is a medical procedure that requires careful consideration. Surgery to produce weight loss is a serious undertaking. Anyone thinking about undergoing this type of operation should understand what it involves. Gastric Bypass is not a miracle cure for obesity and success is possible only with maximum cooperation and commitment to behavioral change and medical follow up. This cooperation and commitment must be carried out for the rest of your life. Diet and exercise remain essential to the treatment of obesity, even for patients who choose weight loss surgery.